MIGRAINE TRIGGERS
Triggers can vary from person to person.1 While there is no one-size-fits-all approach to managing migraines, identifying triggers and adopting lifestyle modifications can help reduce the frequency and severity of attacks.1
Some common migraine triggers include:
STRESS:
Stressful life events may cause an increase in episodic migraine frequency and possibly lead to chronicity.2
ALCOHOL:
Alcohol, especially red wine, is a trigger for migraine attacks in 75% of patients. This is attributed to the inflammation and dehydration it causes in the body.2
CHANGES IN SLEEP PATTERNS:
Irregular sleep cycles, jet lag, and shift work can all disrupt the body's circadian rhythm and trigger migraines.2
DEHYDRATION:
Dehydration can lead to changes in blood flow to the brain, which can trigger migraines.2 In addition to the lack of water consumed, this can also be triggered by excessive alcohol consumption.2
DIET:
While identifying food triggers in migraine is difficult, it is encouraged to eat nutritious and regular meals everyday, and avoid skipping meals as it increases the likelihood of experiencing migraines.4
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS:
Loud noises, strong smells5 and bright lights,3 may trigger migraines.
HORMONES:
Hormonal changes such as variation in estrogen levels during menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause can all impact migraine frequency and severity.1
Many women experience migraines during the premenstrual period or menstruation (known as menstrual migraines).1
MEDICATION OVERUSE:
Overusing medications for headaches, including both over-the-counter pain relievers and prescription medications, can actually worsen migraines.2
WEATHER CHANGES:
Changes in lighting, temperature, and humidity, can trigger migraines.5